The generator of every finite-dimensional, time-homogeneous Markovian quantum channel has Lindblad equation form
Here . The Lindblad operators may be arbitrary bounded operators; positivity of their rates is already incorporated by rescaling them. They need not be Hermitian, traceless, normalized, or mutually orthogonal. Their description is nonunique: unitary mixing of the , and shifts by scalar multiples of the identity accompanied by a compensating change of , leave the same Lindbladian.

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