Suppose there were only finitely many prime numbers. There is at least one, namely , so this finite set would have a largest element . The integer is greater than and therefore has a prime factor : for example, its least divisor greater than must be a prime number, since any proper factor of that divisor would contradict minimality.
By ii, , contradicting the choice of . Therefore there are infinitely many prime numbers, proving Euclid's theorem by orders of group elements in finite multiplicative groups.