Use the coordinates in 8. At downhill speed , the moving bar has . The electromotive force and induced electric current are therefore
Here is positive along across the sliding bar, then returns through the rails and resistor. This direction makes the magnetic force oppose downhill motion, as required by Lenz's law. The factor is essential: only the component of magnetic field normal to the rail plane threads the circuit. Rail and bar electrical resistances and circuit self-inductance are neglected relative to the stated large model.