= Solution
{c}
The per-capita net growth rate is $r/(1+bN^2)-\delta$. Thus \b[$r$ is the low-density per-capita birth or recruitment rate], \b[$\delta$ is the constant per-capita death or removal rate], and \b[$b$ controls density-dependent suppression of recruitment]. Both $r$ and $\delta$ have units of inverse time; $b$ has units of inverse population squared. The population scale $b^{-1/2}$ halves the recruitment rate from its low-density value. Larger $b$ makes suppression important at smaller population sizes. These are interpretations of this phenomenological <population dynamics> model, rather than independently specified biological mechanisms.
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