= Phylloquinone
<Phylloquinone>, also called vitamin K1, is a <Vitamin K> compound with formula $\mathrm{C_{31}H_{46}O_2}$. Its methyl-substituted quinone ring bears a twenty-carbon phytyl side chain. Sharing the ring framework with <menaquinones> does not make their complete structures identical: the attached hydrocarbon chains differ.<PubChem Compound database by National Center for Biotechnology Information>[Phylloquinone, CID5284607; 2-methyl-3-phytyl-1,4-naphthoquinone structure and formula]{ref}
Isotope-labelled precursor experiments illustrate why chemical identity matters in <metabolism>. A labelled product may retain atoms from <phylloquinone> while having become <menaquinone-4>. A label traces selected atoms, whereas chromatography and <nuclear magnetic resonance> help establish the product's identity. The 2010 <UBIAD1> study combined labelled <Vitamin K> derivatives, perturbation of the proposed <enzyme> and chemical product identification.<Identification of UBIAD1 as a novel human menaquinone-4 biosynthetic enzyme by Kimie Nakagawa and others>[Abstract and Figure 1; conversion of labelled derivatives and identification of labelled menaquinone-4]{ref}
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