functools — Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects (Python 3.14 documentation)

Online text: docs.python.org/3.14/library/functools.html

Cited passages: Python documentation, functools.cache and functools.lru_cache: thread-safe cache updates can still allow repeated evaluation before completion; Python documentation, functools.lru_cache: cache_clear and retention of argument and return-value references until eviction or clearing; Python documentation, functools.lru_cache: paragraph warning against functions with side effects, distinct mutable results, or impure time/random results.