Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2013 ib Paper 1 20H i Solution Created 2026-09-24 Updated 2026-10-07
First realize the chain as a random walk on a multigraph: put three parallel edges between , two between , and one between . There are six edges and vertex degrees . Choosing an incident edge uniformly gives exactly the stated transition probabilities. The stationary distribution of a graph random walk is the degree divided by twelve, , and detailed balance follows because each edge multiplicity contributes the same flux in both directions.