Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2003 iii Paper 21 1 c Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-14
For , the two-isogeny formula gives . By the prime-support bound in two-isogeny descent, the image of the two-torsion square-class homomorphism on lies in . The identity gives , gives , and gives , since . The image is a subgroup of the square-class group, so their product occurs as well; explicitly . HenceOn , a nonzero affine point has , because . The only candidate square classes are therefore . The identity gives , gives , and gives , since . Their product occurs; adding gives . ThusBoth images have order four. The two-isogeny rank formula provesThis is the rank-two elliptic curve with cubic x cubed minus seventeen x; all candidate classes are represented, so no unresolved local-to-global gap in isogeny descent remains in this computation.