A map is recursive if every map admits a unique with . This holds exactly when the predecessor relation is a well-founded relation. For the forward construction, take the union of all consistent partial solutions on downward-closed domains; well-founded induction proves compatibility, and a minimal missing point allows extension. Conversely, a nonempty subset with no minimal point has an upward reachability closure satisfying exactly when some predecessor is in . With and exactly when , both the zero map and the indicator of solve the recursion, contradicting uniqueness.

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