Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2005 iii Paper 31 1 ii Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-14
Use arithmetic Frobenius automorphisms: residues are raised to the size of the base residue field. Let contain the finite primes ramified in the finite abelian extension . The Artin map is the group homomorphismwhere is the group of fractional ideals supported outside . The Artin symbol is independent of the prime above , since the extension is abelian. Commutativity makes the displayed extension from prime ideals well defined. Defining this map does not yet assert the Artin reciprocity law, which describes its congruence group kernel.
For an intermediate field , restriction givesTo prove it, start with an unramified prime and a prime of above it. Its Frobenius automorphism acts on the residue of every integral element of by raising it to . Its restriction is therefore the Frobenius automorphism for at the restricted prime. The identity for all allowed fractional ideals follows by the group homomorphism property. On Galois groups, restriction is the quotient by , so passing to a subextension quotients the Artin map accordingly.
Now let be any finite extension and put . This is the translated extension: is abelian, and restriction identifies with . A prime of above a prime is unramified in , because forming a compositum with preserves an unramified extension. Put . The residue-field sizes satisfy . Consequently the restriction to of Frobenius at acts on its integral residues by raising them to , givingBut the ideal norm is . Multiplying this prime-by-prime identity provesThis is restriction and norm compatibility of the Artin map. The fractional ideal must be supported over primes unramified in . No assumption that itself is unramified or Galois is needed. With geometric rather than arithmetic Frobenius, both maps are inverted and the compatibility identities remain unchanged.