= Sealed-water calorimeter of Steve R. Domen
The \b[sealed-water calorimeter of <Steve R. Domen>] is an apparatus for measuring <absorbed dose> through the radiation-induced temperature rise of a controlled water volume. Domen's 1994 design enclosed the inner water in a thin-walled cylindrical glass vessel about 110 mm long and 33 mm in diameter, immersed in a larger water bath. The vessel also acted as a barrier against <convection>.<A Sealed Water Calorimeter for Measuring Absorbed Dose by Steve R. Domen>[Section2.1, Design: vessel dimensions, surrounding water and convective-barrier role.]{ref}
Two calibrated <thermistors> served as temperature sensors in opposite arms of a <Wheatstone bridge>, increasing the electrical response to their common temperature rise. The apparatus therefore connected a small thermal change to a measurable resistance change, rather than directly counting radiation events.<A Sealed Water Calorimeter for Measuring Absorbed Dose by Steve R. Domen>[Introduction, Eq1 and Section2: two-thermistor bridge and temperature conversion.]{ref}
A central experiment compared water fillings with different dissolved-gas conditions. The temperature response could change because radiation also drove chemical reactions, motivating investigation of the <heat defect>. This comparison illustrates a useful apparatus principle: controlling the geometry and reading the thermometer carefully does not, by itself, establish that every joule deposited in the water becomes measurable heat.<A Sealed Water Calorimeter for Measuring Absorbed Dose by Steve R. Domen>[Abstract and results: repeated measurements with different fillings and heat-defect investigation.]{ref}
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