= Tidal deformation
<Tidal deformation> is the change in a body's shape caused by differential <gravity> across it, that is, by a <tidal force>. The familiar two-bulge picture represents an elongated response along the companion direction, rather than a separate force pulling only the nearest surface. If spin and orbital motion differ, the forcing sweeps through the body's material. With <tidal dissipation>, the response is out of alignment with the instantaneous forcing, allowing a net <torque>. https://science.nasa.gov/moon/tidal-locking/[Tracy Vogel, NASA: deformation and tidal locking]{ref}.
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