A Unicode scalar value is a Unicode code point other than a surrogate: its numerical value is in U+0000–U+D7FF or U+E000–U+10FFFF. Unassigned code points and noncharacters in these ranges are still Unicode scalar values; assignment to a written character is a separate property.[ref]
For example, U+0041 and U+1F600 are Unicode scalar values, while U+D800 is not. In UTF-16, a surrogate pair consists of two code units encoding one Unicode scalar value above U+FFFF. Treating either half as an independent character loses that relationship.

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