Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2003 iii Paper 9 2 c Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-14
The zero-free quotient from solution has a holomorphic logarithm, so is harmonic. Its radial mean is the constant . Subtract the radial logarithmic means of and . The first tends to zero by the absolute logarithmic hypothesis; the second tends to zero by solution. It follows thatSince and , the maximum modulus principle makes a constant of modulus one. Absorb that constant into the unimodular factor of . Therefore itself is a Blaschke product. This proves the vanishing absolute logarithmic mean characterization of Blaschke products; conversely a Blaschke product satisfies the absolute version too, since .