Half-line NLS Riemann-Hilbert reconstruction 2026-10-14
Combine columns of the three normalized Lax pair eigenfunctions in their common Volterra analyticity sectors for a half-line NLS Lax pair, dividing by the relevant determinants . The resulting matrix is normalized to the identity at infinity and has jumps on the real and imaginary axes. Connection matrices determine each jump explicitly. Zeros of those determinants require residue conditions or local contour deformations.
Past exam of the mathematics course of the University of Cambridge 2004 iii Paper 61 3 a Solution Created 2026-10-03 Updated 2026-10-14
Let denote the open quadrants, counterclockwise from the first. Write . The Lax pair has the Volterra integral equation kernel , obtained by integrating its closed matrix differential form from a normalization point.
In column one, the off-diagonal factor is , whose modulus is . Column two has the reciprocal factor. For , choose the path , so both differences are nonnegative. Column one requires and , giving ; column two requires the opposite inequalities, giving .
For , the time path starts at and runs backward, while the spatial path runs rightward. Its column-one conditions are , , giving ; column two is bounded in .
Finally, integrates spatially from infinity to , where . Column one is bounded in the lower half-plane and column two in the upper half-plane. Normalization at is equivalent to normalization at because the decaying potential vanishes on the vertical path at infinity. ThusThe Volterra integral equation Neumann series converges locally uniformly under the usual integrable smooth scattering assumptions, proving holomorphic dependence in the open domains and continuous boundary values. These are the Volterra analyticity sectors for a half-line NLS Lax pair; at , absence of a spatial segment allows the larger time-only domains used for .