By I. G. Panyutin and P. Hsieh. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 91(6),2021–2025(15 March1994). DOI doi.org/10.1073/pnas.91.6.2021
Abstract: complementary-tailed duplex substrates form a four-stranded junction; complete spontaneous migration gives strand-exchanged products. Kinetics vary with temperature and ionic conditions; magnesium strongly slows migration.