{wiki}

The images you have to have in mind are:
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sezione_cerchione_bicicletta.svg
* https://cdn-0.sheldonbrown.com/images/bead-seat-diameter.jpg

Yes, Sheldon he has separate American and British English versions of pages!!!
* https://www.sheldonbrown.com/tyre-sizing.html
* https://www.sheldonbrown.com/tire-sizing.html

For example, <ciro santilli s hardware/Kross bicycle (2017)> had a Schwalbe tyre with markings:
> 42-622 (28 x 1.60, 700x40C)
When inflated, the tires were about 3.5cm wide as measured with a ruler.

And the https://shop.mavic.com/en-gb/a-319-j24500.html#1028=3283&1035=3501[Mavic A319 rim] had markings:
> 622x19C

In this:
* ISO (Etrto): 42-622. So:
  * 42 is the inner rim width. The actual inflated tire is going to be even wider.
  * 622 is the bead seat diameter. The actual inflated tire is going to be even wider.
* imperial: 28 x 1.60
* French: 700x40C:
  * meaning of the "C" asked at: https://bicycles.stackexchange.com/questions/16190/what-does-the-c-in-bicycle-tire-size-mean
    * https://www.sheldonbrown.com/tire-sizing.html#french says A is larger than B which is larger than C, and C means 622 mm


Bicycle tire sizes

ID: bicycle-tire-sizes