Bidiagonalization is a numerical linear algebra process that transforms a given matrix into a simpler form known as a bidiagonal matrix. This technique is particularly useful in the context of singular value decomposition (SVD) and eigenvalue problems. A bidiagonal matrix is a matrix that has non-zero entries only on its main diagonal and the first superdiagonal (for upper bidiagonal) or on its main diagonal and the first subdiagonal (for lower bidiagonal).
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