Bin packing is a type of combinatorial optimization problem that involves packing a set of items of varying sizes into a finite number of bins or containers in such a way that minimizes the number of bins used. The objective is to efficiently utilize space (or capacity) while ensuring that the items fit within the constraints of the bins. ### Key Concepts 1. **Items**: Each item has a specific size or weight. 2. **Bins**: Each bin has a maximum capacity that cannot be exceeded.
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