Combinatorics is a branch of mathematics that deals with counting, arrangement, and combination of objects. It involves studying finite or countable discrete structures and provides tools for analyzing the ways in which various elements can be selected, arranged, and combined under specific constraints. Key areas of study within combinatorics include: 1. **Counting Principles**: This involves basic techniques like the rule of sum and rule of product, permutations (arrangements of objects), and combinations (selections of objects).
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