Electroplasticity is a phenomenon in which the mechanical properties of materials, particularly metals, are altered by the application of an electric current during deformation processes. This effect can lead to a reduction in yield strength and an increase in ductility, making it easier to shape materials under low-temperature conditions. The primary mechanism behind electroplasticity involves the interaction between the electric field and the motion of dislocations (defects in the crystal structure of materials) within the metal.
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