 Essai sur les mœurs et l'esprit des nations

"Essai sur les mœurs et l'esprit des nations" (Essay on the Manners and Spirit of Nations) is a significant work by the French philosopher and historian Montesquieu, published in several volumes between 1721 and 1754. The essay explores the cultural, social, and moral frameworks of different nations, examining how various factors—such as geography, climate, religion, and government—shape the customs and behaviors of people.