 Fixed-target experiments

Fixed-target experiments are a type of experimental setup commonly used in particle physics, nuclear physics, and other fields of physics to study the interactions of particles. In these experiments, a beam of particles (such as protons, electrons, or heavy ions) is directed towards a stationary target, which is usually made of a material like hydrogen, carbon, or other elements. The target is "fixed" in place, as opposed to "collider" experiments, where two beams collide head-on.