 Forsyth-Edwards Notation

Forsyth-Edwards Notation (FEN) is a standard notation for describing the state of a chess game. It is used to succinctly represent the position of pieces on the board, the player to move, castling availability, en passant targets, halfmove clock, and fullmove number. FEN is particularly useful for recording positions in chess literature, computer chess applications, and transmitting chess data.

The cool thing about this notation is that is showed to Ciro Santilli that there is more state to a chess game than just the board itself! Notably:plus some other boring draw rules counters.