A gene is a fundamental unit of heredity in living organisms. It is a segment of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) that contains the instructions necessary for the synthesis of proteins, which perform a wide range of functions in the body, including structural, regulatory, and enzymatic roles. Genes are organized along chromosomes, which are structures found in the nucleus of cells. Each gene has a specific location, known as a locus, on a chromosome and can vary in size.
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