Lothar Collatz is a mathematician known for formulating the Collatz conjecture, which is a famous unsolved problem in mathematics. The conjecture involves a simple iterative sequence defined as follows: 1. Start with any positive integer \(n\). 2. If \(n\) is even, divide it by 2. 3. If \(n\) is odd, multiply it by 3 and add 1. 4. Repeat the process with the resulting number.
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