 Nikolai M. Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography

The Nikolai M. Knipovich Polar Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography, commonly referred to as PINRO (its Russian acronym), is a prominent research institution located in Russia that specializes in marine and fisheries science. Established in 1930, the institute focuses on studying the Arctic and subarctic marine ecosystems, including fish populations, marine biodiversity, and oceanographic processes.