 Orbital hybridisation

Orbital hybridization is a concept in chemistry that describes the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals. These hybrid orbitals have different shapes and energy levels compared to the original atomic orbitals. Hybridization explains the geometry of molecular bonding and is crucial for understanding the structure of molecules. The primary types of hybridization include: 1. **sp Hybridization**: Involves the mixing of one s orbital and one p orbital, resulting in two equivalent sp hybrid orbitals.