 Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology

Paleoceanography and paleoclimatology are interdisciplinary fields that focus on understanding the Earth's past oceans and climates, respectively. ### Paleoceanography: Paleoceanography is the study of the history and changes in the ocean over geological time. It involves analyzing sediment cores, fossils, and chemical proxies from ocean sediments to infer past ocean conditions, including temperature, salinity, circulation patterns, and biological productivity.