Pigeonhole sort is a sorting algorithm that is based on the pigeonhole principle. The pigeonhole principle states that if \( n \) items are put into \( m \) containers (or "pigeonholes"), and if \( n > m \), then at least one container must contain more than one item. Pigeonhole sort is particularly effective for sorting lists of elements where the range of potential values (or the keys) is limited and relatively small.
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