A prime gap is the difference between two successive prime numbers. For example, if \( p_n \) is the \( n \)-th prime number, then the prime gap \( g_n \) between the \( n \)-th and the \( (n+1) \)-th prime can be expressed as: \[ g_n = p_{n+1} - p_n \] Prime gaps can vary significantly in size.
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