Rarefaction is a term used in various fields, including ecology, biology, and physics, but it generally refers to the process of reducing the density or concentration of a substance or phenomenon. 1. **In Ecology and Biology**: Rarefaction typically refers to a technique used in biodiversity studies to assess species richness at different levels of sampling effort. It helps in comparing biodiversity across different environments or conditions by providing a standardized measure of species diversity that accounts for varying sample sizes.
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