 Relations between heat capacities

The relationships between heat capacities are determined by the specific conditions under which heat is added or removed from a substance. The two primary heat capacities are: 1. **Heat Capacity at Constant Volume (\(C_V\))**: This is the heat capacity when the volume of the substance is held constant. It is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of the substance by one degree Celsius (or one Kelvin) at constant volume.