Spectral layout is a technique used for visualizing graphs and networks by leveraging the properties of their adjacency matrices or Laplacian matrices. This method is particularly useful for embedding nodes in a lower-dimensional space while preserving the structure and relationships between nodes. ### Key Concepts 1. **Adjacency Matrix and Laplacian Matrix**: - The **adjacency matrix** represents connections between nodes in a graph, where each entry indicates whether pairs of nodes are adjacent.
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