Tetrachromacy is a condition in which an organism possesses four distinct types of photoreceptor cells (cones) in their eyes, allowing them to perceive a broader spectrum of colors compared to the typical trichromatic vision found in most humans, who usually have three types of cones. In humans, there are three types of cone cells sensitive to different wavelengths of light: short (S) for blue, medium (M) for green, and long (L) for red.
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