 Time-of-flight diffraction ultrasonics

Time-of-flight diffraction (ToFD) ultrasonics is a non-destructive testing (NDT) technique primarily used for examining welds and other structural components for flaws and defects. It utilizes ultrasound waves to detect and characterize defects within materials by measuring the time it takes for the ultrasonic waves to travel through the material and reflect back from interfaces or discontinuities.