Vizing's theorem is a result in graph theory that relates to the edge coloring of graphs. Specifically, it states that for any simple graph \( G \), the chromatic index (the minimum number of colors needed to color the edges of the graph so that no two adjacent edges share the same color) is either equal to the maximum degree \( \Delta(G) \) of the graph or \( \Delta(G) + 1 \).
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