Amniote Updated 2025-07-16
Includes:
Does not include amphibians. If you include them, you have the tetrapods.
Homeothermy Updated 2025-07-16
It is quite mind blowing that this is polyphyletic on mammals and birds, what can't parallel evolution achieve??
Lysozyme Updated 2025-07-16
The second protein to have its structure determined, after myoglobin, by X-ray crystallography, in 1965.
Breaks up peptidoglycan present in the bacterial cell wall, which is thicker in Gram-positive bacteria, which is what this enzyme seems to target.
Part of the inate immune system.
Non-clade groups are evil Updated 2025-07-16
Polyphyly Updated 2025-07-16
Basically mean that parallel evolution happened. Some cool ones:
- homeothermy: mammals and birds
- animal flight: bats, birds and insects
- multicellularity: evolved a bunch of times
Reptile Updated 2025-07-16
Tetrapod Updated 2025-07-16
Includes:
- amphibians
- amniotes, which includes:
- sauropsida: reptiles and birds, which really are reptiles
- mammals
The exact relationships between those clades is not very clear as there's a bunch of extinct species in the middle we are not sure exactly where they go exactly, some hypothesis are listed at: en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tetrapod&oldid=1053601110#Temnospondyl_hypothesis_(TH)