{c}
{title2=2019}

<essential metabolism for a minimal cell (2019)> mentions:
> JCVI-syn3A, a robust minimal cell with a 543 kbp genome and 493 genes, provides a versatile platform to study the basics of life.

<NCBI>: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/CP016816.2

Based on <JCVI-syn3.0>, they've added a few genes back to give better <phenotypes>, including slightly faster duplication time. Because <the development cycle time is your God> is also true in biology.

As of <essential metabolism for a minimal cell (2019)> it had only 91 genes of unknown function! So funny.

Bibliograpy:

\Image[https://web.archive.org/web/20220530091157if_/https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/goodsell/png-800/jcvi-syn3a-minimal-cell.png]
{title=<JCVI-syn3A> during <cell division> by <David Goodsell> (2022)}
{description=A description is present at: https://cdn.rcsb.org/pdb101/goodsell/2022_JCVI-syn3A.pdf Integrative Illustration of a JCVI-syn3A Minimal Cell by <David Goodsell> (2022) which describes everything in the picture.}
{source=https://pdb101.rcsb.org/sci-art/goodsell-gallery/jcvi-syn3a-minimal-cell}


JCVI-syn3A

{wiki}

The cool thing about <parallel evolution> is that it shows how complex <phenotype> can evolve from very different initial genetic conditions, highlighting the great power of <evolution>.

We list some cool ones at: <polyphyly>.


Parallel evolution

{wiki}

They are actually inheritable! But <alleles> are rare: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5559844

\Image[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Cloned_mice_with_different_DNA_methylation.png]
{title=To rats with the same genome differing only in <DNA methylation> with a different tail <phenotype>.}


Ciro Santilli @cirosantilli 40

 Incoming links: Phenotype