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A Process Development Execution System (PDES) is a structured framework or set of tools used in industries such as pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and manufacturing to streamline and optimize the development, execution, and management of processes involved in the creation and delivery of products. The PDES integrates several aspects of process development, from initial research and development through to production, to ensure that processes are efficient, reproducible, and compliant with quality and regulatory standards.

RIBA Knowledge Communities are part of the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA), designed to facilitate collaboration, sharing of knowledge, and professional development among architects, designers, and built environment professionals. These communities focus on various aspects of architecture and related fields, allowing members to engage in discussions, participate in events, access resources, and collaborate on best practices. Each Knowledge Community typically centers around a specific theme or area of interest within architecture, such as sustainability, historical conservation, technology, or urban design.

Records management taxonomy refers to a structured system for organizing and classifying records within an organization's records management framework. It provides a systematic way to categorize and label records based on various criteria, such as content, function, department, or retention schedule. The primary goal of a records management taxonomy is to facilitate efficient retrieval, access, storage, and ultimately, disposal of records while ensuring compliance with legal, regulatory, and operational requirements.

Ripple-down rules (RDR) are a knowledge acquisition and management method used primarily in the field of artificial intelligence and expert systems. They provide a structured way to represent knowledge in a way that is easily understandable and modifiable. The key features of ripple-down rules include: 1. **Incremental Knowledge Addition**: Ripple-down rules allow for the incremental addition of knowledge to a system. New rules can be added without needing to rewrite or overhaul existing rules.

Social forecasting refers to the practice of predicting social trends, behaviors, and changes within society using various methodologies, tools, and data sources. This field draws upon insights from sociology, psychology, economics, and data science to analyze patterns and make projections about future social dynamics.

The term "success trap" refers to a situation where an individual or organization becomes overly focused on past successes to the detriment of future growth and adaptation. This phenomenon can manifest in various ways, including: 1. **Complacency**: When past achievements lead to a false sense of security, resulting in a lack of innovation and risk-taking. Individuals or organizations may stop exploring new opportunities or adapting to changing environments because they believe their current methods will continue to yield success.

Tacit knowledge refers to the type of knowledge that is difficult to articulate, express, or transfer to another individual through writing or verbalization. It encompasses personal insights, intuitions, skills, and experiences that are often acquired through personal experience and practice, rather than formal education or easily codified procedures. Key characteristics of tacit knowledge include: 1. **Personal and Contextual**: It is highly individualized and context-dependent, often tied to specific situations or experiences.

Tag management refers to the process of managing and deploying various tags—pieces of code or snippets that are added to a website for tracking and analytics purposes—more efficiently and effectively. Tags are used for a variety of functions, including: 1. **Tracking User Behavior**: Tags can be used to track user interactions on a website, such as clicks, form submissions, and page views. This data is essential for understanding user behavior and optimizing the website accordingly.

The World Café is a conversational process designed to facilitate open dialogue and collective thinking among a large group of people. It is often used in community engagement, organizational development, and educational settings to enhance collaboration and generate new ideas or solutions on specific topics. The core elements of a World Café include: 1. **Setting the Environment:** The venue is typically set up like a café, with small tables that encourage a relaxed atmosphere.

Drift seeds are seeds that are naturally dispersed by ocean currents and are found drifting in the sea before eventually washing ashore. These seeds are adapted to survive long periods in saltwater, allowing them to float across vast distances before reaching land. Some well-known examples of drift seeds include those from plants like the oceanic coconut (Lodoicea maldivica), which can float for years before germinating on distant shores.

A "garbage patch" refers to a concentrated area of marine debris, primarily made up of plastic, that accumulates in certain parts of the world's oceans. The most commonly known garbage patch is the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, located between Hawaii and California. This area contains a high density of microplastics and other debris that have been carried by ocean currents. Garbage patches are not solid islands of trash but rather diffuse collections of small particles, with some larger pieces.

"Scleronomous" typically refers to a class of structures in mathematics, specifically in the field of differential geometry and the study of manifolds. However, the term may not be widely recognized in common mathematical literature, and its specific definition can vary depending on the context in which it is used. In general terms, "scleronomous" is often contrasted with "holonomous.

The total derivative is a concept from calculus that extends the idea of a derivative to functions of multiple variables. It takes into account how a function changes as all of its input variables change simultaneously.

Landslides are mass movements of rock, earth, or debris down a slope, and they can be classified into several types based on their material composition, movement style, and the conditions under which they occur. Here are the main types of landslides: 1. **Falls**: This type involves the free-fall of rocks or debris from a steep slope or cliff. Falls typically occur when the supporting material erodes or is undermined, leading to abrupt disengagement.

A Flexible Debris-Resisting Barrier (FDRB) is an engineering solution designed to mitigate the impact of debris flows, landslides, or other forms of natural mass movement. These barriers are typically constructed from flexible materials that allow them to absorb and deflect debris while minimizing damage to both the structure and the surrounding environment.

Landslide mitigation refers to the strategies and practices implemented to reduce the risk, impact, and occurrence of landslides. These efforts can encompass a range of activities aimed at understanding, preventing, and managing landslide hazards. Here are some key aspects of landslide mitigation: 1. **Risk Assessment**: Identifying areas vulnerable to landslides through geological studies, historical data analysis, and monitoring environmental factors such as rainfall and soil erosion.

A rockfall barrier is a type of protective structure designed to prevent or mitigate the impact of falling rocks from hillsides, cliffs, or steep slopes. These barriers are commonly used in areas where there is a risk of rockfalls, such as mountainous regions, roadways, and construction sites. The primary purpose of a rockfall barrier is to intercept and catch falling rocks before they can reach roads, buildings, or other vulnerable structures, thereby enhancing safety for people and property.

The Sarma method, also known as the Sarma technique, is a process or approach primarily associated with civil engineering and structural analysis, particularly in the context of earthquake engineering and the evaluation of the seismic performance of structures. However, it is important to note that the term may also refer to other fields or contexts. In general, the Sarma method can involve calculating the dynamic response of structures subjected to seismic loading and assessing their safety and stability under such conditions.

In geotechnical engineering, the sliding criterion generally refers to the conditions under which a soil mass, slope, or structure may experience sliding or failure due to shear stress exceeding the shear strength of the materials involved. This concept is particularly important in the analysis of stability for slopes, retaining walls, and earth dams.

Lighting refers to the use of light to achieve practical or aesthetic effects in various environments. It plays a critical role in illuminating spaces, enhancing visibility, and influencing mood and atmosphere. There are different types of lighting, including: 1. **Natural Lighting**: Light that comes from natural sources, primarily the sun. This can include direct sunlight or indirect light that is reflected off surfaces.