The term "boson" refers to a category of subatomic particles that obey Bose-Einstein statistics, which means they can occupy the same quantum state as other bosons. This characteristic distinguishes them from fermions, which follow the Pauli exclusion principle and cannot occupy the same state. Bosons include force carrier particles and have integer values of spin (0, 1, 2, etc.).
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Bosons are identical particles whose total multiparticle state is symmetric under exchange. In three-dimensional relativistic quantum theory they have integer spin.
