Cooperative binding refers to a phenomenon observed in biochemistry and molecular biology, where the binding of a ligand (such as a substrate, hormone, or other signaling molecules) to a protein influences the binding affinity of additional ligand molecules to the same protein. This can lead to a more significant response than would be expected from independent binding events.
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Binding at one site changes binding at another. Positive cooperativity can produce a steep occupancy response. Several independent sites alone do not establish cooperativity.