Depensation, in ecological and biological contexts, refers to a phenomenon where the reproductive success or growth rates of a population decrease as the population density decreases. This is contrary to typical expectations where lower density might lead to improved reproductive success due to reduced competition for resources. In specific scenarios, depensation can be observed when populations become too small. At low densities, factors such as difficulties in finding mates, genetic drift, inbreeding, and heightened vulnerability to environmental fluctuations can negatively impact survival and reproduction.

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