Evaporative cooling (atomic physics)

Evaporative cooling is a process that occurs in atomic physics, particularly in the context of ultracold gases. It refers to the technique used to achieve and maintain very low temperatures in a system of atoms or particles. Here's how it works: 1. **Basic Concept**: In a system of particles, the temperature is related to the average kinetic energy of the particles. Higher energy particles move faster, while lower energy particles move slower. Evaporative cooling takes advantage of this distribution of energies.