Grain boundaries are imperfections or interfaces that occur between different crystallographic orientations of grains within a polycrystalline material. A grain is a single crystal within a larger aggregate, and when many such crystals (or grains) come together, their boundaries form the grain boundaries. Key characteristics and roles of grain boundaries include: 1. **Structure**: Grain boundaries can vary in structure and properties depending on the relative orientations of the adjacent grains.
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