Inertial waves are a type of wave that occurs in rotating fluids or systems where inertial forces are significant. These waves arise due to the effects of the Coriolis force, which acts on particles in a rotating frame of reference. Inertial waves can be observed in various contexts, such as in the oceans, atmosphere, and in planets with significant rotation, as well as in laboratory experiments involving rotating fluids.
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An inertial wave is a rotating-fluid wave restored by the Coriolis force. Its frequency depends on the angle between its wavevector and the rotation axis.