Knuth's Algorithm X is a backtracking algorithm designed to solve the Exact Cover problem. The Exact Cover problem involves finding a subset of rows in a binary matrix such that each column contains exactly one "1" from the selected rows. This can be thought of as a way to cover each column with exactly one selected row. The algorithm was introduced by Donald Knuth in his book "Dancing Links" and is noted for its efficiency in solving combinatorial problems.
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