Lyotropic liquid crystals are a type of liquid crystal formed by the self-organization of amphiphilic molecules in a solvent, usually water. These molecules consist of a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and a hydrophobic (water-repelling) tail. When amphiphilic molecules are added to a solvent, they can spontaneously assemble into various ordered structures depending on their concentration and the conditions of the system, such as temperature and composition.
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