Molecular symmetry refers to the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule and how that arrangement can exhibit symmetrical properties. It is a key concept in chemistry that helps in understanding the physical and chemical properties of molecules, including their reactivity, polarity, and interaction with light (such as in spectroscopy).
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The spatial symmetry of a fixed molecular geometry. Its point group acts on atomic positions, orbitals and vibrational coordinates; these actions need not have the same group representation.