Momentum transfer refers to the process by which momentum is exchanged between two or more systems, typically involving interactions between particles or bodies. This exchange can occur in various physical contexts, such as collisions, fluid dynamics, and particle physics. In a collision between two objects, for example, momentum transfer occurs as the moving object exerts a force on the stationary object, resulting in a change in their velocities.
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The momentum transfer in a scattering process is the difference between the incoming and outgoing wavevectors, commonly up to a sign convention and a factor of .